Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-4 (of 4 Records) |
Query Trace: Noland H[original query] |
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Acceptability, feasibility, drug safety, and effectiveness of a pilot mass drug administration with a single round of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus primaquine and indoor residual spraying in communities with malaria transmission in Haiti, 2018
Chang MA , Impoinvil D , Hamre KES , Dalexis PE , Mérilien JB , Dismer AM , Fouché B , Desir L , Holmes K , Lafortune W , Herman C , Rogier E , Noland GS , Young AJ , Druetz T , Ashton R , Eisele TP , Cohen J , van den Hoogen L , Stresman G , Drakeley C , Pothin E , Cameron E , Battle KE , Williamson J , Telfort MA , Lemoine JF . Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023 108 (6) 1127-1139 For a malaria elimination strategy, Haiti's National Malaria Control Program piloted a mass drug administration (MDA) with indoor residual spraying (IRS) in 12 high-transmission areas across five communes after implementing community case management and strengthened surveillance. The MDA distributed sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and single low-dose primaquine to eligible residents during house visits. The IRS campaign applied pirimiphos-methyl insecticide on walls of eligible houses. Pre- and post-campaign cross-sectional surveys were conducted to assess acceptability, feasibility, drug safety, and effectiveness of the combined interventions. Stated acceptability for MDA before the campaign was 99.2%; MDA coverage estimated at 10 weeks post-campaign was 89.6%. Similarly, stated acceptability of IRS at baseline was 99.9%; however, household IRS coverage was 48.9% because of the high number of ineligible houses. Effectiveness measured by Plasmodium falciparum prevalence at baseline and 10 weeks post-campaign were similar: 1.31% versus 1.43%, respectively. Prevalence of serological markers were similar at 10 weeks post-campaign compared with baseline, and increased at 6 months. No severe adverse events associated with the MDA were identified in the pilot; there were severe adverse events in a separate, subsequent campaign. Both MDA and IRS are acceptable and feasible interventions in Haiti. Although a significant impact of a single round of MDA/IRS on malaria transmission was not found using a standard pre- and post-intervention comparison, it is possible there was blunting of the peak transmission. Seasonal malaria transmission patterns, suboptimal IRS coverage, and low baseline parasitemia may have limited the effectiveness or the ability to measure effectiveness. |
Perceived discrimination in bateyes of the Dominican Republic: results from the Everyday Discrimination Scale and implications for public health programs
Keys HM , Noland GS , De Rochars MB , Taylor TH , Blount S , Gonzales M . BMC Public Health 2019 19 (1) 1513 BACKGROUND: Discrimination is a major driver of health disparities among minority groups and can impede the reach of public health programs. In the Dominican Republic, residents of bateyes, or agricultural 'company towns,' often face barriers to health care. This study examined the extent of perceived discrimination among batey populations and places the findings within the context of disease elimination efforts. METHODS: In March-April 2016, a stratified, multi-stage cluster survey that included the 9-item Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS) was conducted among residents (n = 768) of bateyes across the Dominican Republic. Exploratory factor analysis, differential item functioning, and linear and logistic regression were used to assess associations between EDS scores, ethnic group status, reasons for discrimination, and healthcare-seeking behavior. RESULTS: Three ethnic groups were identified in the population: Haitian-born persons (42.5%), Dominican-born persons with Haitian descent (25.5%), and Dominican-born persons without Haitian descent (32.0%). Mean EDS scores (range 0-45) were highest among persons born in Haiti (18.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 16.4-20.1), followed by persons with Haitian descent (16.5, 95% CI = 14.9-18.0), and those without Haitian descent (13.3, 95% CI = 12.1-14.5). Higher EDS scores were significantly associated with Haitian birth (beta = 6.8, 95% CI = 4.2-9.4; p < 0.001) and Haitian descent (beta = 6.1, 95% CI = 3.2-9.0; p < 0.001). Most respondents (71.5%) had scores high enough to elicit reasons for their discrimination. Regardless of ethnic group, poverty was a common reason for discrimination, but Haitian-born and Haitian-descended people also attributed discrimination to their origin, documentation status, or skin color. EDS scores were not significantly associated with differences in reported care-seeking for recent fever (beta = 1.7, 95% CI = - 1.4-4.9; p = 0.278). CONCLUSION: Perceived discrimination is common among batey residents of all backgrounds but highest among Haitian-born people. Discrimination did not appear to be a primary barrier to care-seeking, suggesting other explanations for reduced care-seeking among Haitian populations. Public health community engagement strategies should avoid exacerbating stigma, build active participation in programs, and work towards community ownership of disease control and elimination goals. |
The first cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in the United States: a serologic investigation demonstrating early transmission
Fry AM , Hancock K , Patel M , Gladden M , Doshi S , Blau DM , Sugerman D , Veguilla V , Lu X , Noland H , Bai Y , Maroufi A , Kao A , Kriner P , Lopez K , Ginsberg M , Jain S , Olsen SJ , Katz JM , Influenza Serology Working Group . Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2012 6 (3) e48-53 BACKGROUND: The first two laboratory-confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (H1N1pdm09) infection were detected in San Diego (SD) and Imperial County (IC) in southern California, April 2009. OBJECTIVES: To describe H1N1pdm09 infections and transmission early in the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. PATIENTS/METHODS: We identified index case-patients from SD and IC with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed H1N1pdm09 infections and investigated close contacts for a subset of case-patients from April 17-May 6, 2009. Acute and convalescent serum was collected. Serologic evidence for H1N1pdm09 infection was determined by microneutralization and hemagglutination inhibition assays. RESULTS: Among 75 close contacts of seven index case-patients, three reported illness onset prior to patient A or B, including two patient B contacts and a third with no links to patient A or B. Among the 69 close contacts with serum collected >14 days after the onset of index case symptoms, 23 (33%) were seropositive for H1N1pdm09, and 8 (35%) had no fever, cough, or sore throat. Among 15 household contacts, 8 (53%) were seropositive for H1N1pdm09. The proportion of contacts seropositive for H1N1pdm09 was highest in persons aged 5-24 years (50%) and lowest in persons aged ≥50 years (13%) (P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: By the end of April 2009, before H1N1pdm09 was circulating widely in the community, a third of persons with close contact to confirmed H1N1pdm09 cases had H1N1pdm09 infection in SD and IC. Three unrelated clusters during March 21-30 suggest that transmission of H1N1pdm09 had begun earlier in southern California. |
Sensitivity and specificity of serologic assays for the detection of human infection with 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus in U.S. populations
Veguilla V , Hancock K , Schiffer J , Gargiullo P , Lu X , Aranio D , Branch A , Dong L , Holiday C , Liu F , Steward-Clark E , Sun H , Tsang B , Wang D , Whaley M , Bai Y , Cronin L , Browning P , Dababneh H , Noland H , Thomas L , Foster L , Quinn CP , Soroka SD , Katz JM . J Clin Microbiol 2011 49 (6) 2210-5 Swine origin 2009 H1N1 influenza virus has spread globally to cause the first influenza pandemic of the 21(st) century. Serological studies can improve our understanding of the extent of human infection and risk factors associated with transmission of this pandemic virus. The "gold standard" for serodiagnosis of human influenza infection is the detection of seroconversion between acute and convalescent stage samples. However, timing of seroepidemiologic investigations often precludes collection of truly acute phase sera, requiring development of serologic criteria for evaluating convalescent phase sera that optimize detection of true positives and true negatives. To guide seroepidemiologic investigations into the spread of the novel 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, we characterized serum antibody responses to 2009 H1N1 virus in 87 individuals with confirmed viral infection and 227 non-exposed U.S. individuals using microneutralization (MN) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) assays. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for each assay alone, and in combination, for detection of 2009 H1N1-specific antibodies in convalescent sera. Although the HI assay was more specific for detecting antibody to 2009 H1N1, the MN was more sensitive, particularly for detecting low titer seroconversions. A combination of titers (MN ≥40 and HI ≥20) provided highest sensitivity (90%) and specificity (96%) for individuals aged < 60 years and 92% specificity for adults aged ≥60 years for detection of serologically confirmed 2009 H1N1 infections in U.S. populations during the first pandemic waves. These studies provide an approach to optimize timely serologic investigations for future pandemics or outbreaks of novel influenza viruses among humans. |
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